By the end of 1814 Napoleon had begun to consider quitting Elba and raising his standard again in France. The initial novelty and challenge of ruling his island empire had …
When the Emperor of Austria invited his fellow sovereigns, the Tsar of Russia and the King of Prussia, to Vienna in the summer of 1814, it was never the intention …
The long war against Napoleon was over, and the Allied Powers and France gathered in Vienna to negotiate the peace. Then came the shocking news that Napoleon had escaped from …
Following the abdication of Napoleon in April 1814, and the cessation of war with France, the allies were faced with the prospect of settling the peace. It was a process …
In this article we look at the division of the world with the rise of Napoleon’s empire — and the extension of British dominion overseas. Gilray’s cartoon, ‘The plumb-pudding in …
This article considers the remarkable conclusion to Napoleon’s great empire with his unconditional abdication as Emperor of the French on 6 April 1814, at Fontainebleau. This marked an end to …