• University of Padova
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Calculus I: From Real Numbers to Differential Calculus

Explore foundational calculus concepts, like limits, derivatives, and integrals, to build essential problem-solving skills.

Calculus I: From Real Numbers to Differential Calculus

  • 8 weeks

  • 8 hours per week

  • Digital certificate when eligible

  • Intermediate level

Find out more about how to join this course

Learn advanced maths and grow your career in STEM online in weeks

Calculus is more than just numbers – it powers the world around us. Discover how it can help you on this eight-week course from the University of Padova. Master fundamental calc concepts and gain practical problem-solving tools that can be applied in real-world scenarios – setting you up to thrive in the world of STEM.

Get to the root of real numbers and number sequences

You’ll begin by exploring real numbers, their core properties, and how functions define relationships between them. This foundation will prepare you for more advanced concepts like limits and derivatives.

Discover the power of discrete calculus with limits of sequences and series

Building on this foundation, you’ll dive into limits for sequences, setting the stage for limits, continuity and differentiability of functions. You’ll also learn how to use discrete limits to represent infinite sums, a key tool for Probability.

Explore continuity and rates of change

Next, you’ll examine the behaviour of continuous functions and how derivatives describe rates of change. By applying these concepts, you’ll analyse real-world situations like predicting stock market trends or improving supply chain efficiency.

Tackle optimisation challenges

You’ll also use calculus to optimise problems, applying techniques to maximise profits, minimise costs, and allocate resources efficiently. Concepts like monotonicity, convexity, and Newton’s algorithm will be explored through practical examples.

Master asymptotic calculus

By the final week, you’ll explore asymptotic analysis, Taylor and McLaurin formulas. These tools will help you understand the long-term behaviour of functions, crucial for evaluating algorithm efficiency and solving complex problems.

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Skip to 0 minutes and 7 seconds A boat is sailing up a racecourse. How  much should it tighten against the wind,   and when should it tack to cover the leg in the  shortest possible time? What are the optimal   dimensions of a soda can that use the least  amount of aluminium to manufacture it? The   COVID-19 pandemic introduced us to a well-known  number, the R number, a way of rating coronavirus   or any disease’s ability to spread. But how is R  defined? To answer these and many other questions,   we need Differential Calculus. Differential  Calculus, or as Newton simply called it,   Calculus, represents a revolution in scientific  thinking. Our modern and technological life would   be simply unthinkable without these tools.

Skip to 0 minutes and 55 seconds That’s  why, whether you’re a freshman, or a professional,   the study of any scientific or technological  discipline cannot do without a solid understanding   of Calculus. I am Paolo Guiotto, I teach Calculus  at the Faculty of Engineering at University of   Padua, and I am here to guide you through this  discovery. Starting from scratch - namely, from   the basics of real numbers - we will quickly learn  limit operations, applying them to sequences,   infinite sums, and functions, leading up to  Differential Calculus.

Skip to 1 minute and 28 seconds You will learn to take   a complex problem in a straightforward way, such  as giving a mathematical form to an optimization   problem, solving it, and interpreting the  results, You will acquire the technical skills,   such as calculating limits and derivatives or  discussing the convergence of infinite sums,   which will be useful in other fields like Physics,  Biology or Economics. So, aren’t you curious?   Great! It’s time to board and take off!

Syllabus

  • Week 1

    REALS

    • Introduction to Real Numbers

      Learning outcome addressed: be aware of need of real numbers

    • Axioms of Real Numbers

      Learning outcome addressed: learning best lower/upper bound of a set (Infimum and Supremum)

    • Archimedean Property

      Learning outcome addressed: fine properties of Real Numbers, determining inf and sup of a set

    • Elementary Functions

      Learning outcome addressed: properties of roots, exp and log, solving equations and inequalities.

    • Modulus

      Learning outcome addressed: properties of the modulus of a number, solving equations and inequalities with moduluses

  • Week 2

    SEQUENCES

    • What is a Sequence?

      Learning outcome addressed: writing a simple mathematical model involving sequences of numbers

    • Limit of a Sequence

      Learning outcome addressed: definition of limit of a sequence and how to check existence of finite and infinite limits or non existence of a limit

    • Computing Limits

      Learning outcome addressed: basic level skills for computing limits

    • Comparison

      Learning outcome addressed: comparison techniques to discuss non trivial limits

    • Story of e

      Learning outcome addressed: exponential limit (one of the most important limits at all)

  • Week 3

    SERIES

    • Infinite Sums

      Learning outcome addressed: definition and calculation of an infinite sum

    • Comparison Test

      Learning outcome addressed: checking convergence/divergence of constant sign series by comparison

    • Asymptotic Tests

      Learning outcome addressed: checking convergence/divergence of constant sign series by asymptotic tests

    • Alternating Sign Series

      Learning outcome addressed: checking convergence for alternating sign sums

    • Variable Sign Series

      Learning outcome addressed: proving convergence/non convergence for general variable sign series

  • Week 4

    LIMITS

    • Limits in Continuum Variable

      Learning outcome addressed: definition of limit of a function and how to check its existence and value

    • Continuous Functions

      Learning outcome addressed: what is a continuous function and how to check it

    • Rules of Calculus of Limits

      Learning outcome addressed: basic level skills for computing limits of functions

    • Comparison

      Learning outcome addressed: intermediate level skills for computing limits of functions

    • Fundamental Limits

      Learning outcome addressed: intermediate level skills for computing limits of functions

  • Week 5

    CONTINUITY

    • Continuity and Monotonicity

      Learning outcome addressed: continuity of the elementary functions

    • Operations on Continuous Functions

      Learning outcome addressed: discussing continuity for functions built on elementary functions through algebraic or composition operations

    • Zeros of Continuous Functions

      Learning outcome addressed: discussing existence and search of solutions of equations

    • Inverse Functions

      Learning outcome addressed: existence and continuity of inverse functions and inverses of elementary functions

    • Minimums/Maximums of Continuous Functions

      Learning outcome addressed: discussing existence of min/max points for continuous functions on intervals

  • Week 6

    DIFFERENTIABILITY

    • Differentiable Functions and Derivative

      Learning outcome addressed: what is a differentiable function, how do we compute derivative and tangent line, comparison with continuous functions

    • Rules of Calculus

      Learning outcome addressed: computing derivatives

    • Derivative of the Inverse Function

      Learning outcome addressed: calculus of the derivative of an inverse function, derivatives of inverses of elementary function

    • Fundamental Theorems of Differential Calculus

      Learning outcome addressed: knowing the Fermat, Rolle and Lagrange theorems

    • Test for Differentiability

      Learning outcome addressed: applying Lagrange's test to check differentiability

  • Week 7

    APPLICATIONS OF DIFFERENTIAL CALCULUS

    • Derivative and Monotonic Behavior

      Learning outcome addressed: how to determine if a function is increasing/decreasing

    • Optimization Problems

      Learning outcome addressed: setting up, solving and interpreting solutions for opmitization problems

    • Convexity

      Learning outcome addressed: concave and convex functions, how to check convexity, basic properties

    • Plotting Functions

      Learning outcome addressed: how to plot a qualitative graph of a function

    • Solving Equations and Inequalities

      Learning outcome addressed: using study of functions techniques to solve for equations and inequalities.

  • Week 8

    ASYMPTOTICS

    • Hopital's Rule

      Learning outcome addressed: applying Hopital's rule to compute limits

    • Taylor's Formula

      Learning outcome addressed: computing Taylor polynomial approximation of a regular function

    • Maclaurin's Formula

      Learning outcome addressed: computing Maclaurin’s asymptotic expansions for elementary functions

    • Asymptotic Methods: Limits

      Learning outcome addressed: applying asymptotic expansions to the calculus of limits

    • Asymptotic Methods: Series

      Learning outcome addressed: applying asymptotic expansions to convergence of numerical series

When would you like to start?

Start straight away and join a global classroom of learners. If the course hasn’t started yet you’ll see the future date listed below.

  • Available now

Learning on this course

On every step of the course you can meet other learners, share your ideas and join in with active discussions in the comments.

What will you achieve?

By the end of the course, you‘ll be able to...

  • Discuss converge and, when possible, value of a sum of infinitely many numbers
  • Apply Differential Calculus to provide qualitative plot of the behaviour of a numerical function of real variable
  • Model, discuss and solve applied optimization problems, both theoretically and numerically
  • Apply asymptotic methods to limits, infinite sums, behaviour of functions.

Who is the course for?

This course is perfect for anyone starting their journey into higher mathematics, especially students studying engineering, physics, computer science, or similar fields.

Whether you’re looking to build a strong foundation in calculus or apply concepts like limits, derivatives, and optimisation to real-world problems, this course will guide you step by step.

While not required, some prior knowledge of algebra and basic trigonometry will be helpful as you work through this intermediate-level course.

Who will you learn with?

Paolo Guiotto

Hi, I am a senior researcher at the University of Padova, specializing in stochastic analysis, optimization, and risk management, with international teaching experience.

Who developed the course?

University of Padova

University of Padova

The University of Padova is one of Europe’s oldest and most prestigious seats of learning; it aims to provide its students with both professional training and a solid cultural background.

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Ways to learn

Choose the best way to learn for you!

Buy this course

$109/one-off payment

Fulfill your current learning need

  • Access to this course
  • Learn at your own pace
  • Discuss your learning in comments
  • Tests to boost your learning
  • Printed and digital certificate when you’re eligible

Subscribe & save

$349.99 for one year

Automatically renews

Develop skills to further your career

  • Access to this course
  • Access to 1,000+ courses
  • Learn at your own pace
  • Discuss your learning in comments
  • Tests to boost your learning
  • Digital certificate when you're eligible

Cancel for free anytime

Limited access

Free

Sample the course materials

  • Access expires 8 May 2025

Find out more about certificates, Unlimited or buying a course (Upgrades)

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